Preliminares (PDF)

Preface (PDF)

General Report

Part One

Federalism and Legal Unification: A Comparative Empirical Investigation of Twenty Systems (PDF)

Halberstam, Daniel

Reimann, Mathias

I. Introduction

1. The Need for this Study

2. Federalism Defined

3. Database and Method

4. Three Caveats

5. The Structure of this General Report

II. Modes of Legal Unification

1. Top-Down Unification: Central Government Power

2. Coordinate Unification: Cooperation among the Member Units

3. Unification through Non-State Actor

4. Legal Education and Legal Practice

5. The Impact of International Law

6. Summary and Evaluation

III. Levels of Legal Unification

1. Uniformity by Areas of Law

2. The Uniformity by Federal System

IV. Explaining Unification

1. The Legislative Power Hypothesis

2. Structural Centralization Hypothesis

3. The Legal Traditions Hypothesis: Civil v. Common Law

4. Political Parties

5. Territorially Bounded Cleavages

6. The Age of Federations

V. Conclusion

Appendix1: Countries and Reporters

Appendix 2: Method

Appendix 3: National Reports Questionnaire and Scorecard

Appendix 4: Supplemental Expert Scorecard and Control Questions

National Reports

Part Two

Argentina (PDF)

Vítolo, Alfredo

Australia (PDF)

Saunders, Cheryl

Foster, Michelle

Austria (PDF)

Koch, Bernhard

Gamper, Anna

Belgium (PDF)

Vítolo, Alfredo

Brazil (PDF)

Dolinger, Jacib

Barroso, Luis Roberto

Canada (PDF)

Grennon, Aline

European Union (PDF)

Wouters, Jan

Cuyckens, Hanne

Ramopoulos, Thomas

Germany (PDF)

Adam, Jürgen

Möllers, Christoph

India (PDF)

Parikh, Sunita

Italy (PDF)

Duca, Lois del

Duca, Patrick de

Malasya (PDF)

Leng, Ang Hean

Whiting, Amanda

Mexico (PDF)

Quintana, Oscar

Dorothea Ruiz Euler, Nadja

Carrasco Varona, Ricardo

Netherland (PDF)

Van Rijn, Arjen

Russian Federation (PDF)

Kahn, Jeffrey

Trochev, Alexei

Balayan, Nikolay

South Africa (PDF)

Govender, Karthy

Spain (PDF)

Torres Pérez, Aida

Switzerland (PDF)

Cashin Ritaine, Eleanor

Papeil, Anne-Sophie

United Kingdom (PDF)

Banakas, Stathis

United States of America (PDF)

Maxeiner, James

Venezuela (PDF)

Brewer-Carías, Allan R.

Kleinheisterkamp, Jan

Reporters (PDF)